The Ethics of Life and Death: Philosophical Reflections on Euthanasia and Human Rights
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31305/rrijm2024.v04.n01.019Keywords:
Euthanasia, Autonomy, Right to Die, Sanctity of Life, Human Dignity, Medical Ethics, Consequentialism, Human RightsAbstract
This dissertation critically analyzes important philosophical traditions and contemporary human rights discourse to assess the ethical complications of euthanasia. I believe the euthanasia discussion is a moral inquiry into autonomy, dignity, and the value of human life, not just medical practice or legal policy. To avoid ethical ambiguity, the study defines euthanasia as voluntary, non-voluntary, involuntary, active, and passive. The article examines the importance of autonomy in the right to die and the psychological factors that may limit true decision. While critically examining the sanctity-of-life theory as a source of moral constraint, the study emphasizes its continued relevance in protecting human dignity. The utilitarian and consequentialist viewpoints are examined for their focus on suffering and well-being, highlighting their compassion and potential hazards. As patient-centered care and life-sustaining technology progress, medical ethics and professional duty are examined. I propose a nuanced, pluralistic approach to euthanasia, balancing individual autonomy with greater moral obligations and restrictions. This study aims to make life and death more thoughtful and empathetic in the changing human rights situation.
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